Eight Parts of Speech

       Nouns – person, place or thing

           Common nouns – refer to any person, place, or thing: ex – girl, house, town, or day

                    Proper nouns – are capitalized and refer to specific persons, places, or objects                                 ex – Mary, The White House, Stockholm, or Tuesday

       Pronouns – can take place of a noun ex: her, she, him, and he

       Three types of pronouns – subjective, objective, and possessive

              ex – He is giving him a piece of his mind.     

            Verbs – a verb shows action

                         ex – past  He waited in the car.

                             present I need your homework.

                             future You will enjoy the play.

            Adjective – words that describe nouns and specify size, color, number, and the like.  Modifiers

                          ex – A small light broke.

            Adverb – words that describe verbs – what manner, when, where, and how much

                         ex – I was very upset.

            Preposition – shows how a noun or pronoun is related to another word in the sentence

                         ex – We parked behind the store.

            Conjunction – join words, phrases or clauses

                         ex – Take your pick, either juice or water.

            Interjection – also known as exclamations, signaled by the use of !

                         ex – Wow! Look at that horse go.   

   Punctuation

                         period – at the end of a sentence or statement

                         comma – to separate words and phrases in a series

                         question mark – at the end of al questions

                          exclamation mark – after sentences that express surprise   

               semicolon – when a conjunction is omitted; indicates a greater degree of    separation than a comma

               colon -  to start a list or to formally introduce a statement

               quotation mark -  used around a direct quotation

               apostrophe- for a contraction as in it’s (for it is) or to show possession Bob’s dog

  Spelling Rules

                           I before e except after c, or when sounded as a – as in weigh

                           Final consonants are not doubled when the word ends in more than one         consonant

                                      frown – frowning  help - helped

                          when words end in soft ce or ge, keep the e before able and ous

                                      peace – peaceable  courage – courageous

                          When verbs end in ie, change the termination to y before adding ing

                                      tie – tying (tied)  

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